#mcdonogh three

[whenweallvote]

Many are familiar with Ruby Bridges’ courageous act of desegregating an all-white school in the South. Did you know that three other students did the same on this day just a few blocks away?

On November 14, 1960, Leona Tate, Gail Etienne, Tessie Prevost, and Ruby Bridges made history as the first Black children to attend formerly all-white schools in the South, following a federal judge’s order to desegregate New Orleans schools.

Due to angry parents and officials protesting the girls’ admissions, federal marshals escorted them on campus throughout the school year.

At only six-years-old, these girls became symbols of the civil rights movement. Today, and every day, we honor them for their bravery. ✊🏾

[kemetic-dreams]

Lucien Victor Alexis (1887-1981)

Not very much is known of Lucien Alexis’ early childhood in New Orleans, but what is known are the achievements he would make in later years to come. Born on July 8, 1887 to Louis Victor and Alice Saucier Alexis, he was educated in the local schools where he excelled academically. Alexis was determined to attend Harvard University. Not having the finances to do so, he began working in 1907(at the age of twenty) as a railway mail clerk, saving for the education he so desperately desired.

By the time he reached twenty-seven, he had set aside enough money for four years of college. He applied and was accepted at Harvard but was asked to attend (for one year) Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire, a prestigious preparatory high school. While at Exeter, he lived in the home of Mr. H.F. Quimby and soon developed a keen interest in foreign languages and the sciences. By now he had only enough money for three years upon entering Harvard, so he managed by graduating “cum laude” a year early (1917). It was there, at Harvard, that he earned the nickname: “The Negro Einstein.”

That same year, Alexis entered Officers’ Training School in Des Moines, Iowa and was commissioned as a 1st lieutenant and assigned to the 367th Infantry on October 15, 1917. World War I was raging in Europe and Alexis sailed for service in France on June, 1918. Two months before departing, Alexis married Rita Holt in Gulfport, Mississippi and together they would have one son, Lucien Victor Alexis Jr.

Upon returning to New Orleans, Alexis took up the profession of teaching. He was assigned to McCarthy Elementary in 1921 and appointed Assistant Principal in 1923 at Willow Elementary. But his greatest reward came in 1926 when he became principal of McDonogh #35, the only public high school opened for the education of colored students in the city of New Orleans. For the next nearly 30 years, he would leave an indelible mark on this institution which is still being echoed by many of his formal students up to the present day.

“It was not unusual to spot our principal walking up and down the corridors of the Rampart Street School reading scientific works printed in German. Noted for his mastery of Latin, he often found time to instruct advanced classes in the subject.” (Class of 1936)

Other graduates affectionately tell stories of his successful administration but also his dreadful “army”. Being a former military man, Lucien was said to be strict but fair as well as famous for his method of disciplining students. Students who violated his dress or discipline code were forced to join Alexis’ “army” and ordered to march up and down the second floor of the school building.

Respect for Mr. Alexis soon extended beyond the school grounds and into the community. Since McDonogh #35 was located on South Rampart and Girod Streets, the students had to pass through a neighborhood of sleazy bars, houses of prostitution and various other vices. Often the girls were meddled by men on the way going and coming from school. Fortunately, once it was known that you were an “Alexis” girl, you were never meddled again. They respected Mr. Alexis and knew to show respect to his students.

The “Negro Einstein” did not give up his interest and love for science once he became principal. For five years he engaged in serious scientific study and soon published a 40 page brochure outlining his principles of a new theory which he termed his “ethonic” theory.

From 1929 to 1937, he published the following scientific articles: Fundamentals in Physics & in Chemistry, The Thermo-Electric Formula, The Riddle of the Magnetic Field, An Empirical Disclosure of the Fallacies of Relativity, A Counter-Deduction from Bent Alpha Tracks, Radiations-Their Loci of Travel and Their Loci of Origin, The Co-Origin of Gravity&Cosmic Rays, Simple Formulae for Measuring Atoms, Their Speed, and the Speed of Light.

Upon retirement, the brilliant educator and published author opened Straight Business School on North Claiborne near Esplanade Avenue and Mrs. Alexis basically ran it. Lucien Alexis also was president of the Supreme Industrial Life Insurance Company, founder and executive director of the School of Post-Modern Science in New Orleans, and a charter member of Sigma Lambda Chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity.

Alexis also spent a great deal of time on his favorite hobbies at home. On the 25th Anniversary of his graduation from Harvard, he told the Harvard press of these hobbies:

“Don’t interfere with my physics and chemistry, which I have raised from the ignoble position of a hobby into the dignified status of a science. Don’t interfere with my Italian which I have picked up since leaving you fellows. Don’t interfere with my German, my French, or my Spanish which I have kept plugging at. These are my near hobbies. You may interfere with my gardening and my frequent efforts at directing operettas, especially the Gilbert and Sullivan ones, for there you are in the field of real hobbies of mine.”

Lucien Alexis passed away December 18, 1981. He is buried in the family’s tomb in St. Louis Cemetery No.3.

[unknownworlds4]

In honor of Black History Month, here are 10 Black Americans who were pioneers of their time. (I apologize that this post is late. I’ve been preoccupied with midterm exams)

Eugene Bullard (1895 - 1961)

Eugene Bullard was one of the first African American military pilots in the world. Originally from Georgia, Bullard had run away from home when he was 11 and wondered around the state for six years with a clan of gypsies before stowing away on a German cargo ship in 1912. He ended up in Aberdeen, Scotland and eventually ended up in London, where he worked as a boxer and performer for an entertainment troupe. He traveled to Paris for a boxing match and eventually settled there permanently. When World War 1 began in 1914, Bullard joined the French Foreign Legion, where he saw combat at the Somme, Champaign, and Verdun. After being injured during the Battle of Verdun, he was sent to Lyon to recuperate. After recovering in 1916 he joined the French Air Service as a machine gunner. He obtained his pilot's license in 1917. He flew several missions during the war and claimed two victories over German planes. He applied to join the American Air Corps after the United States entered the war in 1917 but was rejected because of his race. Bullard returned to the French Air Service but was removed after an apparent conflict with a French officer. He remained in the military until 1919. He returned to Paris where he worked a nightclub, operated his own nightclub and gym, and married Marcelle de Straumann. After Germany invaded France in 1940, he volunteered to fight again, but was injured during the defense of Orleans. He escaped to Spain and later returned to the United States, settling in Harlem, New York City. In 1949, he was working as a security guard at concert hosted by Paul Robeson. Riots broke out where a racist mob and police officers beat concert goers, including Bullard. He eventually died of Stomach Cancer in 1961.

Bullard received many honors from France. In 1954, the French government invited Bullard to Paris to be one of the three men chosen to rekindle the everlasting flame at the Tomb of the Unkown Soldier under the Arc de Triomphe. In 1959, he was made a Knight of the National Order of the Legion of Honor. He also received the Military Medal, an award given for courageous acts and the third highest award in France. After his death, he also received honors from the United States. He was posthumously commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the United States Air Force in 1994. He was inducted into the Georgia Aviation Hall of Fame in 1989 and the National Aviation Hall of Fame in 2022. The Museum of Aviation in Warner Robbins, Georgia erected a statute in honor of Bullard.

Ruby Bridges (1954 - )

Ruby Bridges hadn't even been born yet when, in 1954, the United States Supreme Court made a landmark ruling in the Board vs. Board of Education case that declared that desegregation in public schools was unconstitutional. This decision caused protests and celebrations all across the South, including New Orleans, Louisiana. In 1960, when Ruby was 6 years old, U.S. Circuit Court Judge ruled that schools in New Orleans must begin desegregation. Ruby was one of four 6-year-old girls (the others being Lenona Tate, Tessie Provost, and Gail Etienne) selected by the NAACP to participate in the integration. Tate, Provost, and Etienne enrolled at McDonogh 19 Elementary School, while Bridges enrolled at William Frantz Elementary School. All four faced death threats, racial slurs, and taunts. After a race riot broke out at Parish School Board meeting, U.S. Marshalls were called in to escort the girls to and from school.

Since the tumultuous period, Bridges has become a symbol of the Civil Rights Movement. She has been the subject of Songs, documentaries, movies, and 1964 Norman Rockwell painting "The Problem We All Live With". She is currently the Chair of the Ruby Bridges Foundation. She has also received numerous accolades over her life including the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Clinton in 2001, being honored as a "Hero Against Racism" by the Anti-Defamation League in 2006 and being inducted in the National Women's Hall of Fame in 2024.

Bessie Coleman (1892 - 1926)

Bessie Coleman was born the tenth child out of thirteen to a family of sharecroppers in Texas. She walked four miles each day to attend a segregated school where she loved reading and established herself as an exceptional math student. Every harvest season she helped her family harvest cotton. When was turned eighteen years old, she enrolled at the Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University in Langston, Oklahoma (known today as Langston University). She only completed one term before running out of funds and returning home. In 1915, she moved to Chicago to live with brothers where she worked as a manicurist at a barbershop, where she heard flying stories of pilots returning from their service in World War 1. She took a second job as a restaurant manager to save money in the hopes of becoming a pilot herself, but flight schools in the U.S. at the time were not accepting women nor black people. As such, she was encouraged to study abroad by Robert Abbott, publisher of the African American newspaper 'The Chicago Defender'. To do this she received financial backing from the defender and banker Jesse Binga (founder of the first black owned bank in Chicago).

In 1920, she traveled to France to earn her license. She trained on a Nieuport 14 Biplane. In 1921, she received her pilots license, becoming the first black woman (and first black person in general) to receive a license from the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. She returned to the United States in September becoming a media sensation. She made a living performing in air shows as a stunt flier. She met with community activists and spoke before crowds about perusing aviation as a profession and the goals of black people in the United States. Unfortunately, she was killed in 1926, when the plane she was flying in lost control and threw her out at 2,000ft. Though she never established her own flight school, her ambitions inspired many other black aviators to this very day.

Katherine Johnson (1918 - 2020)

Katherine Johnson was one of the first black to be employed as a scientist at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Born in White Sulpher Springs, West Virginia, she was the youngest of four children. Her mother was a teacher, and her father was a lumberjack, farmer, and handyman. From an early age she displayed strong mathematical abilities, so her parents enrolled her in high school in Institute since their home county didn't school for African Americans passed the 8th grade. After graduating high school, she enrolled at West Virginia State College, where took every mathematics course offered (new classes were even added just for her). She graduated 'summa cum laude' in 1937 and took a teaching job Marion, Virginia.

In 1938, the Supreme Court ruled that states that provide higher education for white students must provide it for black students as well. As a result of this, Johnson was selected along with two men to become the first black students to be enrolled at the West Virginia University Graduate School in 1939. However, she left the program to start a family with her husband James Goble. The couple had three daughters: Joylette, Katherine, and Constance.

At a family gathering in 1952, a relative informed her that the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA, the precursor to NASA) was hiring mathematicians and that the Langley Research Center was hiring Black applicants as well as white. Johnson took a job at the agency in 1953. She spent 33 years with NACA and NASA, where she earned a reputation as a human computer for mastering complex mathematical calculations and helping pioneer the use of electronic computers. She worked at topics including gust alleviation, flight trajectories, and launch windows. Her work was instrumental to the Apollo Missions during the Cold War 'Space Race'. For her work she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015, the Silver Snoopy Award and a NASA Group Achievement Award in 2016, and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2019. She was the one of the subjects of the 2016 film Hidden Figures, and she was posthumously inducted into the National Womens Hall of Fame in 2021.

Shirley Chisholm (1924 - 2005)

Shirley Chisholm was the first black woman to be elected to the United States Congress. She was born in Brooklyn to working class parents. Since her mother face difficulty working and raising her children, Shirley and her three younger sisters were to live with their grandmother in Barbados. She said about her grandmother "Granny gave me strength, dignity, and love. I learned from an early age that I was somebody. I didn't need the black revolution to teach me that". She returned to the United States in 1934 and in 1939, began attending the integrated Girl's High School in Brooklyn. She did so well academically, she served as the Vice President of the Junior Arista Honor Society. She attended Brooklyn College where she majored in sociology and graduated in 1946. She married her husband Conrad in 1949. After suffering two miscarriages, the couple learned they could not have children. She worked as a teacher's aide from 1946 to 1953, during which she went on to obtain her master's degree in childhood education from Columbia University in 1951. She soon became an authority on childhood education and child welfare as a consultant for the Division of Day Care in New York City's Bureau of Child Welfare.

She entered politics when she joined the effort to elect Lewis Flagg Jr. to the bench as the first black judge in Brooklyn. The election group became known as the Bedford–Stuyvesant Political League (BSPL), which pushed candidates that supported civil rights and advocated for expanding opportunities in Brooklyn. After leaving the BSPL she worked with a number of different political groups including the League of Women Voters, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Urban League, and the Democratic Party Club in Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn.

In 1964, Chisholm decided to run for the New York State Assembly after the present holder, Thomas R. Jones, was appointed to the New York City Civil Court. Despite resistance because she was a woman, she appealed to women voters and won the Democratic primary in June. She was elected in December serving in the assembly from 1965 to 1968, where she championed several pieces of legislation including expanding unemployment benefits and sponsoring the introduction of the SEEK program which helped disadvantaged kids enter college. In 1968 Chisholm ran for the United States House of Representatives for New Yorks 12th District, which had recently been redrawn to incorporate the Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood. She ran with the slogan "unbought and unbossed" and won the district with a nearly 2 to 1 margin over her opponent, becoming the first black woman ever elected to Congress. She served on a number of different committees during her career, including the Agriculture, Veterans, and Education and Labor Committees. She worked with Bob Dole to expand the Food Stamps program, played a critical role in the creation of the WIC program, and was a founding member of the Congressional Black Caucus and the National Women's Political Caucus. In 1972, she became the first black candidate for a major-party nomination for President of the United States and the first woman to run for the Democratic Party's presidential nomination, though she ultimately lost the nomination. She retired from politics in 1983, after 14 in Congress. She was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2015.

Thurgood Marshall (1908 - 1993)

Thurgood Marshall was a lawyer and jurist who served as the black justice of the United States Supreme Court. Marshall was originally from Baltimore, Maryland, where graduated from high school with honors in 1925 and then attended Lincoln University in Pennsylvania where he graduated with honors in 1930 with a bachelor's degree in American literature and philosophy. While at Lincoln, he led the schools debate team to numerous victories. He attended Howard University Law School in Washington, D.C. because he couldn't attend the all-white University of Maryland Law School. While at Howard, he was mentored by NAACP first special counsel and Law School Dean George Hamilton Houston. He graduated first in class in 1933. He joined Houston as his assistant at the NAACP in 1935, where they worked together on the landmark case Missouri ex rel. Gaines vs. Canada, which ruled that any state which provides a school to white students had to provide in-state education to black students as well. After Houston returned to Washington, Marshall took over his position as special counsel to the NAACP and also became director-counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund Inc. 

During his career he argued 32 civil rights before the Supreme Court, winning 29 of them. Many of them were landmark cases including Smith vs. Allwright (which ruled that primary elections must be open to voters of all races), Morgan vs. Virginia (which ruled that a state law enforcing the segregation of interstate buses was unconstitutional), Shelley vs. Kramer (which ruled that racially restrictive housing covenants cannot be legally enforced), and Brown vs. Board of Education (which ruled that state laws requiring segregation in schools was unconstitutional).

In 1961, President John F. Kennedy appointed him as a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in order for Kennedy to demonstrate his commitment to the interests of black Americans. He took the oath after numerous delays by southern Senators. Marshall authored 98 majority opinions while on the bench. He was nominated as the United States Solicitor General by President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1965, where he won fourteen of the nineteen Supreme Court cases he argued. In 1967, Johnson nominated Marshall to be a Supreme Court Justice after Justice Tom C. Cark resigned. He took the Oath of Office on October 2. Marshall remained on the Court for 24 years until his retirement in 1991. A staunch liberal, he often dissented from the court as the liberal majority vanished and the court became more conservative. During his tenure he advocated for equal rights for minorities, opposed the death penalty, and supported abortion rights.

Jesse Owens (1913 - 1980)

Jesse Owens was an American track and field athlete who won four gold medals at the 1936 Summer Olympic Games. Owens was born the youngest of ten children in Oakville, Alabama. In 1922, his family moved to Ohio during the great migration in search of better opportunities. As a child, he developed a passion for running, which was encouraged by his middle school track coach Charles Riley. It was in middle school where he met Minnie Solomon. They married in 1935 and had three daughters: Gloria in 1932, Marlene in 1937, and Beverly in 1940. He first came to national attention while attending high school where he equaled the world record of 9.4 seconds in the 100 yards dash and long-jumped 24 feet 91⁄2 inches at the 1933 National High School Championship in Chicago. While a student at Ohio State University, Owens won a record eight NCAA championships. Notably in 1935, he set three world records and tied a fourth during the Big Ten Conference track meet in Ann Arbor. He equaled the world record of 9.4 seconds in the 100-yard dash and set records for the long jump at 26 feet 81⁄4 inches, the 220-yard sprint at 20.3 seconds, and the 220-yard low hurdles at 22.6 seconds, which cemented him in track and field history.

In 1936, in despite of his apprehension, he was selected to compete in the Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. At the time, Germany was under the iron grip of the Nazi regime led by Adolf Hitler. Hitler saw the games as an opportunity to promote the Nazi ideals of antisemitism and Aryan supremacy. He believed German athletes would dominate the games. However, he visions went unfulfilled. Over the length of competition Owens won Gold Medals in the 100-meter dash at 10.3 seconds, the long jump at 26 ft 5 inches, the 200-meter sprint at 20.7 seconds, and the 4 x 100-meter sprint relay at 39.8 seconds. On August 1, Hitler shook hands with the German victors only and left the stadium and then skipped all further medal presentations. Despite his victories, racial discrimination in the United States made it difficult for Owens to earn a living, being prohibited from appearing at sporting events and refused commercial sponsorships. He attempted several careers, but all they proved fruitless. He hit rock bottom in 1966, when he was prosecuted for tax evasion. In 1955, President Dwight D. Eisenhower selected Owens as a Goodwill Ambassador, being sent all around the world to promote physical exercise and tout American freedom and economic opportunity in the developing world, a position held until the 1970s. He also did product endorsement for corporations such as Quaker Oats, Sears and Roebuck, and Johnson & Johnson. He was invited to the 1972 Munich Summer Olympics as a guest of the West German government. He eventually retired and moved to Arizona with his wife. Owens succumbed to Lung Cancer in 1980 at the age of 66 and was buried in Tucson, Arizona. In 1983 he was inducted into the U.S. Olympic Hall of Fame and was posthumously a Congressional Gold Medal in 1990.

Hiram Revels (1827 - 1901)

Hiram Revels was the first African-Amercian to serve in the United States Congress. He was born to free black people in Fayetteville, North Carolina. His father was a Baptist preacher. He attended a Quaker seminary in Indiana as a boy and in 1845, was ordained as a minister with the African Methodist Episcopal Church. He traveled throughout the Midwest preaching and acted as a religious teacher. He studied religion at Knox College in Illinois from 1855 to 1857 and then became a minister a Methodist Episcopal Church in Baltimore, Maryland, while also serving as a high school principal. During the Civil War, he enlisted as a Chaplain in the Union Army and helped recruit and organized two black regiments in Maryland and Missouri.

In 1866, Revels was called to be the pastor in Natchez, Mississippi where he settled permanently with his wife and five daughters. In 1868, during the Reconstruction Era, he was elected as an Alderman of Natchez and in 1869, he was elected to represent Adams County in the Mississippi State Legislature. In 1870, Revels was elected to the United States Senate by the state legislature to fill the seat left since before the Civil War. Southern Democrats opposed his seat, stating that the 1857 Dred Scott decision disqualified him on basis if citizenship. He officially became the first black senator on February 25. As a senator, he advocated compromise and moderation, and supported racial equality. He served on both the Committee of Education and Labor and the Committee of the District of Columbia (at the time, Congress administered the district). His professional conduct was greatly admired by fellow congressmen and the Northern press. After his term expired, he became President of Alcorn Agricultural and Mechanical College in Claiborne County, Mississippi (currently Alcorn State University). He served in this post until his retirement in 1882. In 2002, he was listed as one of 100 Greatest African Americans by Molefi Kete Asante.

Henry Johnson (1897 - 1929)

Henry Johnson was an American soldier who was noted for heroic actions during World War One. Originally from North Carolina, he moved to Albany, New York and worked variety of menial jobs before enlisting in the army in 1917, two months after the United States entry into the First World War. The unit he was assigned to, the all-black New York National Guard 15th Infantry Regiment, was mustered into federal service and redesignated as the 369th Infantry Regiment, commonly known as the Harlem Hellfighters. The regiment was assigned to labor service duties while stationed in Europe. The black service members faced discrimination and harassment by white soldiers and even the American headquarters. The American commander loaned the regiment to the French Army. It's believed he did this because white soldiers refused to fight alongside black soldiers. The French enthusiastically welcomed the new troops.

The regiment, Johnson included, was assigned to the Ardennes Forest. While on outpost duty on the night of May 14, 1918, Johnson came under attack by a German raiding party. Using only his bare hands, a bolo knife, his rifle butt, and some grenades, he was able to repel the attackers, killing four of them and preventing the capture of his fellow soldiers, all while suffering 21 wounds. He was given the nickname "Black Death" for his actions and awarded the Croix de guerre by France. However, his actions went unrecognized in the U.S. because of racial discrimination, and he died poor and in obscurity. However, he has since been posthumously given several awards by the military, including the Purple Heart in 1996, the Distinguished Service Cross in 2002, and the Medal of Honor in 2015. In 2023, the U.S. Army base Fort Polk in Louisiana was renamed Fort Johnson in his honor.

Dorothy Height (1912 - 2010)

Dorothy Height was an activist for both the Civil Rights and Women's Rights movements. Height was born in Richmond, Virginia and moved to Rankin, Pennsylvania when she was five. Her mother was active in the Pennsylvania Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, and regularly took along Dororthy to meetings, which exposed her to activism from a young age. Height was an enthusiastic participate in Young Women's Christian Association, who was eventually elected as president of the club. She was appalled to learn that her race prevented her from using the YMWA's central branch swimming pool and dedicated much energy to changing the YWCA. While in high school she was active in the anti-lynching movement and won first place and a $1,000 scholarship in a national oratory contest held by the Elks Club. Height graduated from high school in 1929 and was accepted entry in Bernard College at Columbia University but was barred from entering because the school had an unwritten policy of only admitting two black students a year. She instead enrolled at New York University and graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1932 and a master's degree in educational psychology in 1933. She pursued postgraduate work at the New York School of Social Work.

From 1934 to 1937, Height worked for the New York Department of Welfare, a job she credited for teaching her conflict resolution skills. She then took a job as a counselor at the YWCA Harlem Branch. While working there she met civil rights activist Mary McLeod Bethune and First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt at a meeting of the National Council of Negro Women being held at the YWCA office. During this meeting Bethune told her "The freedom gates are half ajar. We must pry them fully open". She dedicated her life to this cause. She also did work with the United Christian Youth Movement, a group that worked to relate faith to real-world problems.

Beginning in 1939, she worked at YWCA offices in New York City and Washington, D.C., specializing in interracial relations. She ran trainings, wrote periodicals, and worked in Public Affairs on race issues. She believed that segregation caused prejudice through estrangement, so after the YWCA adopted in interracial charter in 1946, Height worked to help white members of the organization transcend their apprehension and bring their action in line with what the YWCA principles by running workshops, facilitating meetings, and writing articles. In 1958, she was elected president of the National Council of Negro Women and remained at the post until 1990. While president of the NCNW, she worked alongside civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr., John Lewis, and Whitney Young. Thanks to her background as an orator, she became a master at acting as the middleman in initiating dialogue between feuding parties. In 1963 she became head of the "Action Program for Integration and Desegregation of Community YWCAs", which was started in response to the growing civil rights movement. In this role she worked to monitor progress in integrating the association. In 1974, she was named to the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, which was formed in response to the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment scandal. She was also a driving force behind the movement to get a statue of Mary McLeod Bethune in Lincoln Park, the first statue of a woman or a black person to be erected on federal land.

She was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1993. She was awarded the Presidential Citizen's Medal in 1989, the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bill Clinton in 1994, a Congressional Gold Medal by President George H.W. Bush in 2004, and President Barack Obama called Height "the godmother of the civil rights movement and a hero to so many Americans". She died on April 20, 2010, at the age of 98. She was buried at Fort Lincoln Cemetery in Maryland after a funeral at the National Cathedral in Washington D.C. She is considered one of the driving forces of the American Civil Rights Movement.

[lboogie1906]

The McDonogh Three is a nickname for the three girls who desegregated McDonogh 19 Elementary School in New Orleans. Even though segregated schools had been illegal since the Brown v. Board of Education case, no states in the American Deep South had taken action to integrate their schools. Leona Tate, Gail Etienne, and Tessie Prevost had all attended the Black-only schools in their neighborhood, until November 14, 1960, when they arrived at McDonogh 19, a previously all-white school. The girls were escorted by US Federal Marshals wearing yellow armbands. They lived in the lower 9th Ward of New Orleans.

Ruby Bridges integrated a second New Orleans public school called William Frantz Elementary, which led to a collective nickname for the group: The New Orleans Four.

There was a series of political advancements that contributed to the integration of public schools in the US. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, public schools in America were forbidden from discriminating against students because of their race. A.P. Tureaud, New Orleans Attorney, with help from Thurgood Marshall and Robert Carter from the Legal Defense and Educational Fund of the NAACP, acted on behalf of African Americans to end segregation in New Orleans’ schools.

Brown v. Board of Education, became the most impactful decision concerning the integration of public schools in America, and ironically happened in the birth year of the New Orleans Four. The syllabus from this case said: “Segregation of white and Negro children in the public schools of a State solely based on race, under state laws permitting or requiring such segregation, denies to Negro children the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment - even though the physical facilities and other “tangible” factors of white and Negro schools may be equal.” This case outlined that the doctrines that had been established in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) were unconstitutional.

In February 1956, Judge J. Skelly Wright issued an order for the Orleans Parish School Board to desegregate its schools. He ordered integration to start on the third Monday in November 1960. #africanhistory365 #africanexcellence

[yhwhrulz]

Today's selected anniversaries: 14th November 2023

1941:

World War II: German troops, aided by local auxiliaries, murdered nine thousand residents of the Słonim Ghetto in a single day. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%82onim_Ghetto

1960:

Ruby Bridges and the McDonogh Three became the first black children to attend an all-white elementary school in Louisiana as part of the New Orleans school desegregation crisis. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans_school_desegregation_crisis

1991:

Croatian War of Independence: Croatian naval commandos attacked the Yugoslav patrol boat Mukos, starting the Battle of the Dalmatian Channels. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_Channels

2015:

A train derailed in Eckwersheim, France, while performing trials on the high-speed rail line LGV Est. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eckwersheim_derailment

[96thdayofrage]

Resilience and Hope 60 Years After New Orleans School Desegregation

Leona Tate's perception of race changed drastically in November 1960 — when she became one of the first Black children to desegregate New Orleans schools.

Prior to that time, many held similar views of race relations in the city. According to published reports, New Orleans residents viewed themselves and the city as "cosmopolitan and tolerant" and assumed that New Orleans would be a "model Southern city for school integration."

But as years passed after the Supreme Court ruled racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional, New Orleans found itself in a situation widespread across the South, where resistance to desegregation ultimately escalated to violence.

Some stories from this era of "massive resistance" to racial integration are widely known, such as the Little Rock Nine, a group of Black students blocked from entering Little Rock Central High School when Gov. Orval Faubus called out the Arkansas National Guard; the violent riots at the University of Mississippi when James Meredith became the first Black student to enroll; and 6-year-old Ruby Bridges, whose path to enter a New Orleans elementary school accompanied by U.S. Marshals was immortalized in an iconic Normal Rockwell painting.

However, other stories from this violent and turbulent time in America's recent past are not nearly as well known in the public consciousness — including those of three other little girls who desegregated New Orleans schools on the same day as Bridges.

Nov. 14, 1960, marked the first day of first grade for Leona Tate, Tessie Provost, and Gail Etienne at McDonogh 19 Elementary School, and for Ruby Bridges at William Frantz Elementary School. Collectively known as the "New Orleans Four," each blazed a pathway to equity in America's classrooms at only 6 years old.

The journey leading to that historic November day was difficult and lengthy. Following intense public resistance and numerous attempts by the Louisiana State Legislature to maintain segregation laws, U.S. Circuit Judge J. Skelly Wright issued a federal order to gradually desegregate New Orleans schools, beginning with students in first grade, and expanding one grade level each year as the students progressed.

The unusual plan placed an incredible burden on the children, who would have to navigate each grade and various schools as the first — and many times, the only — Black students in their class.

Dorothy Prevost recalls the fear and anxiety she experienced when her daughter, Tessie, began attending McDonogh 19 Elementary School, escorted by U.S. Marshals.

Frightened by the angry crowds that gathered at the school to protest her child's presence, Mrs. Prevost was often upset when the U.S. Marshals came to pick up Tessie.

"Sometimes I'd be crying. My only child, scared, with those white people chanting, 'Two, four, six, eight. We don't want to integrate,' and calling us all kinds of names," said Mrs. Prevost.

As a child, Tessie did not fully comprehend the weight of the day's events, and she remembers how, at the time, the large crowd of protestors in front of McDonogh 19 reminded her of a Mardi Gras parade.

Tessie's father worked at the post office along with the father of one of the other girls of the New Orleans Four, Gail Etienne.

Gail shares happy memories of her early childhood growing up in a Baptist church in an ordinary family. "If we were poor, I didn't know, because everything I wanted, I got," she said with a laugh.

Gail has vivid memories from Nov. 14, 1960, as well.

"I remember riding in the car, coming up to the school, looking out the window and seeing these mobs of people...I felt like if they could get to me, they'd want to kill me, and I didn't know why," she said.

Once inside the school, Tessie, Gail, and Leona Tate waited in the hallway outside of the principal's office for hours, and began playing hopscotch on the floor tiles.

By the time the three girls were finally placed in a classroom that first day at McDonogh 19, the parents of the white students had begun arriving to take their children out of class. By the end of the day, Tessie, Gail, and Leona were the only three students left in the building.

"The three of us bonded, because it was just us, and our teacher," said Gail.

As part of the plan to expand desegregation, after completing first and second grade at McDonogh 19, Tessie, Leona, and Gail attended third grade at T.J. Semmes Elementary School, located in a predominantly white New Orleans neighborhood.

By third grade, the girls were no longer escorted by the Marshals. Without this protection, the racism and abusive treatment from other students worsened.

"These kids came to school with things that had been taught to them, and embedded in them," said Tessie Prevost. "They came with some serious, serious things we did not expect at all, and it was terrible. It was a terrible, terrible time."

Gail also remembers the traumatic experience that awaited her at T.J. Semmes.

[luckylq29-blog]

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[blackinperiodfilms]

Chaz Monet as Ruby Nell Bridges and Lela Rochon as her mother Lucielle 'Lucy' Bridges in Disney’s Ruby Bridges.

Ruby Bridges is a 1998 television film, written by Toni Ann Johnson and based on the true story of Ruby Bridges, the first black student to attend integrated schools in New Orleans, Louisiana, in 1960. As a six-year-old, Bridges was one of four black first-graders, selected on the basis of test scores, to attend previously all-white public schools in New Orleans. Three students were sent to McDonogh 19, and Ruby was the only black child to be sent to William Frantz Public School.

The film was nominated for several awards, including an NAACP Image award. The writer, Toni Ann Johnson, won the 1998 Humanitas Prize for her teleplay. The film also won The Christopher Award.

Initial release: January 11, 1998

Show: Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color (Season 42, Episode 16)

Episode Title: Ruby Bridges

Air date: January 18, 1998

[papermoonloveslucy]

LUCY ON THE DAIS - Part Two

“All-Star Party for Carol Burnett”

December 12, 1982 on CBS

Directed by Dick McDonogh

Produced and Written by Paul Keyes

Music by Nelson Riddle

THE PARTY-GOERS

Carol Burnett (Honoree) got her first big break on “The Paul Winchell Show” in 1955. A years later she was a regular on “The Garry Moore Show.” In 1959 she made her Broadway debut in Once Upon a Mattress, which she also appeared in on television three times. From 1960 to 1965 she did a number of TV specials, and often appeared with Julie Andrews. Her second Broadway musical was Fade Out – Fade In which ran for more than 270 performances. From 1967 to 1978 she hosted her own highly successful variety show, “The Carol Burnett Show.” Lucille Ball made several appearances on “The Carol Burnett Show.” Burnett guest starred in four episodes of “The Lucy Show” and three episodes of “Here’s Lucy,” subsequently playing a character named Carol Krausmeyer. After Lucille Ball’s passing, Burnett was hailed as the natural heir to Lucy’s title of ‘The Queen of TV Comedy.’

Lucille Ball was born on August 6, 1911 in Jamestown, New York. She began her screen career in 1933 and was known in Hollywood as ‘Queen of the B’s’ due to her many appearances in ‘B’ movies. With Richard Denning, she starred in a radio program titled “My Favorite Husband” which eventually led to the creation of “I Love Lucy,” a television situation comedy in which she co-starred with her real-life husband, Latin bandleader Desi Arnaz. The program was phenomenally successful, allowing the couple to purchase what was once RKO Studios, re-naming it Desilu. When the show ended in 1960 (in an hour-long format known as “The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour”) so did Lucy and Desi’s marriage. In 1962, hoping to keep Desilu financially solvent, Lucy returned to the sitcom format with “The Lucy Show,” which lasted six seasons. She followed that with a similar sitcom “Here’s Lucy” co-starring with her real-life children, Lucie and Desi Jr., as well as Gale Gordon, who had joined the cast of “The Lucy Show” during season two. Before her death in 1989, Lucy made one more attempt at a sitcom with “Life With Lucy,” also with Gordon, which was not a success and was canceled after just 13 episodes.

Monty Hall – Chairman of Variety Clubs International

Carol Burnett's Family (center table)

Joe Hamilton – Carol's Husband

Erin Hamilton – Carol and Joe's daughter (age 14)

Jody Hamilton – Carol and Joe's daughter (age 15)

Carrie Hamilton – Carol and Joe's daughter (age 19)

Credited Entertainers & Speakers (with credits shared with Carol Burnett)

Tim Conway - “The Carol Burnett Show” (1967-78)

*Sammy Davis Jr. - “The Carol Burnett Show” (1975 & 1976), “Sammy & Co.” (1976)

Bette Davis

Glenda Jackson – HealtH (1980)

*Steve Lawrence - “The Garry Moore Show” (1959-63), “The Carol Burnett Show” (1967-78)

Vicki Lawrence - “The Carol Burnett Show” (1967-78)

*Jim Nabors - “The Carol Burnett Show” (1967-76), “Gomer Pyle: USMC” (1967 & 1969), “The Jim Nabors Hour” (1969 & 1970), “The Jim Nabors Show” (1978)

Jack Paar - “The Jack Paar Tonight Show” (1957-58)

Burt Reynolds - “The Carol Burnett Show” (1972), “Evening Shade” (1993)

Nelson Riddle and his orchestra

Tom Selleck - “Magnum P.I.” (1984 & 1988)

Beverly Sills - “Sills & Burnett at the Met” (1976)

James Stewart - “The Joey Bishop Show” (1969), “A Special Evening with Carol Burnett” (1978)

Uncredited Attendees (with credits shared with Carol Burnett)

Steve Allen

Loni Anderson

Fred Astaire

Ned Beatty

Sammy Cahn

*Ellen Corby

Altovise Davis – Wife of Sammy Davis Jr.

Dom DeLuis

Angie Dickinson

Mike Douglas

Morgan Fairchild

Zsa Zsa Gabor

Harold Gould

Florence Henderson

Ted Lange

Michele Lee

*Dick Martin

*Jayne Meadows

Rita Moreno

Lynn Redgrave

Jean Stapleton

Loretta Switt

*Danny Thomas

Daniel J. Travanti

Abe Vigoda

Betty White

* Appeared with Lucille Ball on one of her television series'

Two years later, “All-Star Party for Lucille Ball” also featured Monty Hall, Sammy Davis Jr., Burt Reynolds, James Stewart, and Vicki Lawrence.

Variety, the Children’s Charity is an organization founded in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1927, when a group of eleven men involved in show business set up a social club which they named the Variety Club. On Christmas Eve 1928, a baby was left on the steps of the Sheridan Square Film Theatre. When efforts to trace the mother failed, the Variety Club named the child Catherine Variety Sheridan, after the club and the theatre on whose steps she was found, and undertook to fund the child’s living expenses and education. Later the club decided to raise funds for other disadvantaged children. The discovery of the baby inspired the film Variety Girl (1947).

In 1986, Ball served as Hostess for the “All-Star Party for Clint Eastwood.”

THE ALL-STAR PARTY

Previous “All-Star Party” honoree 1981 Burt Reynolds introduces the show. After the first commercial break, Lucille Ball is introduced. She kisses Carol and walks to the stairs to speak. While she does, Carol bows to her as 'the Queen of Comedy.'

Lucy says they are there to honor three women: 

Carol Burnett, the singer 

Carol Burnett, the legitimate actress, and 

Carol Burnett, the comedienne  

Lucy: “Good for you, kid.  You've done it all, and you've done it well.”

Carol Burnett would often remark how Lucy affectionately called her 'kid'.  Lucy reads a letter from the White House signed by Ronald Reagan. Reagan would be the guest of honor in 1983. He would also send notes of congratulations and regrets in 1984 (for Lucille Ball) and 1986 (for Clint Eastwood). The latter two notes were read by Cary Grant. 

Lucy introduces Sammy Davis Jr.  Sammy wanted to sing, but defers to Steve Lawrence, who sings Cole Porter's “You're The Top” with special lyrics for the occasion by Sammy Cahn.

Jim Nabors wheels on a large projection TV and Tom Selleck (in a Hawaiian shirt, naturally) appears on it to pay tribute to Burnett.  His seductive tone causes Carol to cuddle up to the TV set.

Nabors brings on Bette Davis if, for no other reason, to introduce Jimmy Stewart. Davis and Stewart had just done a picture together, the TV film Right of Way, released in 1983. It was Stewart's penultimate screen acting role. Surprisingly, Davis says that Stewart will sing!

Jimmy Stewart, not known as a singer, croons Cole Porter's “Easy to Love,” the evening's second song from the 1934 stage musical Anything Goes. The song was also included in the 1936 film Born To Dance starring Stewart and Eleanor Powell (whose voice was dubbed). Stewart manages to get through the first chorus (although sadly out of key).  For the second chorus he asks that the lights be dimmed so it is just him singing to Burnett.  It is a truly intimate and lovely moment considering that the only time the two ever saw each other was on award, talk, or tribute shows. Burnett and Stewart never appeared together in a dramatic context.    

After a break, Tim Conway does an elaborate comedy bit with a bank of telephones designed for viewers to call in to pay tribute to Carol. Despite the large number of phones (and corresponding lights) – no one calls. Conway reads Carol a telegram from Garry Moore.  

Jack Paar talks about their early days on “The Tonight Show” and recalls Burnett singing “I Was A Fool For John Foster Dulles” by Kenny Welsh in August 1958. Paar introduces Vicki Lawrence to re-create the song.  

John Foster Dulles served as United States Secretary of State under President Dwight D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1959. He was a significant figure in the early Cold War era, advocating an aggressive stance against communism throughout the world.

Glenda Jackson steps out to unveil a photograph of the UCLA Medical Center where a wing will be renamed the Carol Burnett Wing for Handicapped Children.

Carol expresses her thanks to everyone. She tells how she and her grandmother used to go to the movies to see many of the folks in the room: Jimmy Stewart, Lucille Ball, Fred Astaire, and Bette Davis.  

Carol is coaxed into singing her theme song “I'm So Glad We Had This Time Together.”  Another voice joins in from behind her – it is her old friend opera singer Beverly Sills. The song continues, with special lyrics for the occasion (likely written by Sammy Cahn).

This Date in Lucy History – December 12

“Ricky's European Booking” (ILL S5;E10) – December 12, 1955

"Lucy and the Efficiency Expert" (TLS S5;E13) – December 12, 1966

[bangkokjacknews]

Tourists ARRESTED at drug-fueled orgy with Thai girls in Phuket

Police catch British, US and Australian tourists at 'drug-fuelled' orgy with Thai girls in defiance of coronavirus lockdown.

Police have arrested a group of British, American and Australian tourists at a 'drug-fuelled' party with Thai girls in defiance of coronavirus lockdown. The British men, George Oliver Hoskins, 23, Saul Alan Jones, 22, and Stuart Alexander McDonogh, 29, were among nine foreigners and five Thai women partying in Phuket, Thailand, on Wednesday night. It was in defiance of a strict curfew and lockdown on the coronavirus-ravaged island, which is one of the worst hit Covid-19 areas of Thailand.

This is the moment police busted a party where three British tourists were among a group of foreigners enjoying a drug-fuelled half-naked party with Thai girls, in defiance of the country's coronavirus lock down  Pictures show how the women were clad in skimpy bikinis while the men wore swimming shorts in a small, hot room. Officers stormed the apartment and allegedly found cocaine and cannabis at the sordid roof-top party, which was in violation of an 8pm curfew on the island. Police said they raided the party after furious locals complained that they were being disturbed by the noise. It was also in violation of an emergency government act banning crowds due to the spread of the Covid-19 coronavirus.

The arrested foreigners were raided after furious locals complained they were being disturbed by the noise coming from the flat. Pictured: Foreigners and semi-clad Thai women after the roof-top party was raided by police 

Pictured: The drugs discovered by Thai police after they raided the rooftop party in Phuket last night 

Pictured: Thai police inspect one of the rooms in the Phuket property after they were called to the flat amid coronavirus lockdown  Fourteen drunk party goers were arrested including three British men, an Australian man, one American man, one Ukrainian man, three Ukrainian women and five Thai women. The Australian national was Al-Mouzafar Mohamad, 22 and the American was Russell Robertson, 32. The Ukrainians were Zakharov Andrii, 27, Petriv Tetiana, 22, Chala Anasiia, 22, and Semko Iana, 31. Officers also reported finding six bottles of liquor, one bottle of energy drink and two bottles of soda drink and also confiscated 4.04grams of marijuana and 0.94 grams of cocaine. Police Colonel Aekanit Danpitaksars said the 14 revellers were remanded in custody while the case is processed and they can be sent to court. The police chief said: 'Initially, they will be charged for violating the royal state of emergency act by gathering in a crowd in a small space and possessing schedule II and V drug.'

Officers can be seen putting an end to the 'drug-fuelled' party in Phuket last night

An officer wearing a protective face mask can be seen speaking to the partygoers after they flouted the lockdown in the tourist town of Pattaya, Thailand

Police also found and confiscated a bucket-full of alcohol and energy drinks from the Phuket party (pictured) The five Thai women were Nida Usen, 31, Boonchanok Roongruang, 36, Supika Kitdee, 28, Narumon Thuadao, 23, and Wararin Jaidee, 33. Phuket - one of the world's most popular tourist resorts - is now ranked the fourth most infected province in Thailand with 71 confirmed, behind only Bangkok and its two metropolitan areas. Phuket has taken strict measure to contain Covid-19 and announced a lockdown and curfew from 8pm until 3am on Monday. Land and sea travel to and from the island has been banned until April 31 and flights will stop from April 10 onwards. – Stay up to date with BangkokJack on Twitter, Instagram, & Reddit. Or join the free mailing list (top right) Please help us continue to bring the REAL NEWS - PayPal Read the full article

[peacekaleandyoga1]

SAN FRANCISCO–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Two Bay Area fitness giants with unique ties to the military, 24 Hour

Fitness and TRX, will join forces during Fleet Week to help honor our

nation’s servicemen and servicewomen for their selfless devotion in

safeguarding our country. Designed to celebrate and showcase the

critical importance of fitness to the U.S. military and local first

responders, the two fitness leaders will host a series of fun fitness

challenges and classes.

Held on Oct. 6 and 7 at the Marina Green, the exclusive fitness events

will include workouts with the military and San Francisco Police

Department. Also, highlighting the special activities will be an

entertaining fundraising challenge between 24 Hour Fitness president and

CEO Carl Liebert and TRX CEO and inventor Randy Hetrick.

During the challenge, Liebert, a former Naval officer and Hetrick, a

former Navy SEAL, will compete in the TRX 40/40 Challenge using the TRX®

Suspension Trainer

along with commanding officers from the

U.S. military. During the challenge, 24 Hour Fitness and TRX will donate

$50 to the Semper

Fi Fund for each perfectly performed Atomic Pushup and Low

Row completed on the equipment.

24 Hour Fitness and TRX are true American success stories and steadfast

supporters of the U.S. military and their families. Earlier this year,

the two companies donated 48 TRX® Suspension Training®

kits to a deploying troop from the Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam in

Hawaii.

“24 Hour Fitness has had a long standing commitment to supporting our

military service members and their families. We are excited to partner

once again with TRX in showing our support and offering thanks to these

brave men and women,” said Carl Liebert, president and CEO, 24 Hour

Fitness. “As a former Naval officer, I am honored to be involved in a

challenge that will benefit the Semper Fi Fund, while emphasizing the

important role fitness plays in the safety and success of our nation’s

armed forces.”

“TRX couldn’t be more proud to partner with 24 Hour Fitness in honoring

our servicemen and first-responders, their incredible commitment to

fitness and the sacrifices they make for our freedom and safety,” said

Randy Hetrick, CEO, TRX. “We’re also excited to share our passion for

fitness and steadfast support of the U.S. military with our neighbors in

the Bay Area.”

The following outlines the fitness events hosted by the two companies

during San Francisco’s Fleet Week:

Saturday, Oct. 6 at the Marina Green

CEO Challenge, 10:30 a.m. – 11 a.m. Liebert and Hetrick

will participate in friendly competition during the TRX 40/40 CEO

challenge; alongside commanding officers of the U.S. military. For

each rep of TRX Atomic Pushups and Low Rows performed, $50 will be

donated to the Semper Fi Fund.

Mission Readiness Challenge, 11 a.m. – 11:45 a.m. Members

of the Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) Team, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S.

Marine Corps, U.S. Navy, Berkeley Reserve Officer’s Training Corps

(ROTC) and San Francisco Police Department will challenge each other

in a friendly competition, as they participate in the grueling

total-body TRX Mission Readiness Challenge. Initially designed for

U.S. Marine Corps Officer and well-known mixed martial arts fighter,

Brian “All American” Stann, the workout will consist of several rounds

of some of the most intense TRX exercises.

TRX on the Green, 11:45 a.m. – 12:25 p.m. Hundreds

of military personnel will participate in a grand TRX workout led by

24 Hour Fitness vice president of group fitness Ingrid Owen and 24

Hour Fitness Group X® instructor and TRX senior manager of

group training Dan McDonogh.

Sunday, Oct. 7 at the Marina Green

TRX Classes for the Public Those interested in trying TRX

are invited to participate in one of three complimentary TRX classes

which will feature a live DJ. To sign up for a class, simply visit http://goo.gl/1SqAc.

Warm ups will begin 25 minutes before each of the scheduled classes:

Circuit Training, 10 a.m. – 11 a.m.

Introduction to RIP Training, 11 a.m. – 12 p.m.

Body Blast, 9 a.m. – 10 a.m.

24 Hour Fitness was recognized as a “Top 100 Military-Friendly

Employers” by G.I. Jobs magazine for its commitment to recruiting

and hiring U.S. service members who enter the workforce in the hundreds

of thousands each year. In addition, the fitness leader was named as one

of the “Top 20 Military Spouse Friendly Employers®” by Military

Spouse magazine.

Hetrick created the TRX® Suspension Trainer

, which is

available in many 24 Hour Fitness® clubs across the country,

from an old jiu-jitsu belt and surplus parachute webbing so his Navy

SEAL unit could stay in shape while deployed overseas. The TRX® Suspension

Trainer

is now prevalent in the gyms and training areas of

all branches of the U.S. military. With the TRX® FORCE Kits,

the company is rapidly changing the way soldiers prepare and train. TRX

currently donates five dollars of every FORCE Kit purchased online to

the TRX Fund, which provides equipment, training and ongoing education

to injured service members and athletes who embody the warrior spirit.

For more information about 24 Hour Fitness or to find club locations

offering TRX Suspension Training, visit 24hourfitness.com.

The complete line of TRX products, training programs, education and

accessories can be purchased directly from TRX online at trxtraining.com.

About 24 Hour Fitness

Headquartered in San Ramon, Calif., 24 Hour Fitness is a leading health

club industry pioneer, serving nearly four million members in more than

400 clubs across the U.S. Since the first club opened in 1979, the

company has been dedicated to helping members change their lives and

reach their individual fitness goals. With convenient club locations,

personal training services, innovative group exercise classes and a

variety of strength, cardio and functional training equipment – 24 Hour

Fitness offers fitness solutions for everyone.

Through its support of the United States Olympic Committee and many U.S.

National Governing Bodies (NGBs) of sport, 24 Hour Fitness is one of the

largest supporters of amateur athletics in the country and serves as the

Official Fitness Center Sponsor of the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic

Teams. The company is committed to being a good neighbor in its

communities via charitable and in-kind donations to groups focused on

both helping Americans get healthy and improving youth fitness. The

company’s national accreditation from the Better Business Bureau, which

includes A+ ratings for all club locations across the U.S., demonstrates

the organization’s ongoing commitment to member satisfaction. Please

call 1-800-224-0240 or visit 24hourfitness.com

for more information and to find the club nearest you.

About TRX®

TRX® is the world’s preeminent producer of physical training

equipment, exercise programming and education designed for trainers,

health clubs, military users, fitness-minded consumers and athletes of

all levels. TRX® designs and sells original products

of innovative design and premium quality construction, including

Suspension Training® and Rip

Training equipment and exercise

programs that are changing the way athletes train for sport, soldiers

train for combat, physical therapists rehabilitate patients and exercise

instructors train their clients. The complete line of TRX®

products, training programs, education and accessories can be purchased

directly from TRX® online at trxtraining.com.

For more information on TRX® products, education and

programming, call (888) 878-5348 or email info@trxtraining.com.

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[thedmvnetwork]

2018-19 High School Female Athlete of the Year: McDonogh three-sport star Julia Dorsey http://bit.ly/2Jgr7n8 " - Baltimore Sun (click link to read more) http://bit.ly/2Jgr7n8

[nflfanpointii]

Breaking News:  Saints looking to trade cornerback Delvin Breaux over frustration with injuries

The Saints are looking to move on from cornerback Delvin Breaux.

The team has begun looking for a trade partner after growing frustrated with his injury history over the last three years, according to a source. There is already some interest from other teams around the league.

A talented cornerback when healthy, Breaux has had trouble staying on the field the last few seasons. He’s missed more than week of practice due to a leg contusion and finished last year on injured reserve with a shoulder sprain. He also suffered a broken fibula in Week 1 of last season.

The Saints have tried to remain patient while Breaux gets healthy but are ready to move on to other options.

Breaux emerged as the team’s more promising players in 2015 after it signed him out of the Canadian Football League. He finished the season with three interceptions and 19 passes defensed.

But Breaux hasn’t been able to continue the momentum due to a rash of injuries. He appeared in six games last season, but never appeared right and finished the year on injured reserve. He’s been out of action since being leg whipped in training camp and suffering a contusion.

New Orleans has been pursuing options to upgrade its secondary throughout the offseason. The team brought in restricted free agent Malcolm Butler for a visit but ultimately did not reach an agreement on trade compensation with the Patriots. The Saints also selected Marshon Lattimore, who is working his way back from a knee sprain, in the first round of the draft and likes what they have in cornerback P.J. Williams.

Breaux, a New Orleans native, played high school football at McDonogh 35, where he suffered a broken neck on a special teams play in 2006. He attended LSU but did not play football. After stints playing arena football and in the CFL, he hooked on in New Orleans.

The cornerback said this offseason that he was on a mission to remind everyone how he played as a rookie and was looking to get back to that level.

“My confidence level is at an all-time high,” Breaux said. “I worked my behind off this offseason. It’s time to be that Pro Bowl or All-Pro-type guy. I’ve just been working, man.”

When healthy, the Saints believe he can be that type of player. But the team is ready to move forward with players they know will be available and can stay on the field. New Orleans has recently moved on from other talented but oft-injured players such as linebacker Dannell Ellerbe.

[caveartfair]

What the Removal of New Orleans’s White Supremacist Monuments Means to My Students

Jefferson Davis monument being removed in New Orleans. Photo by Abdul Aziz, courtesy of Abdul Aziz.

On December 17, 2015, the New Orleans City Council voted to remove four monuments to white supremacy. Several depict slave-owners, including Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederacy during the Civil War. The ongoing removal of the monuments—done at night by city workers in bulletproof vests following threats of violence—has largely been credited to the city’s mayor, Mitch Landrieu. But his decision is the result of work by grassroots activists who have pushed for decades to have those and several other statues taken down.

The most recent effort comes from a coalition called Take Em Down NOLA, primarily founded by three black educators: adjunct college professor Malcolm Suber, K-8 principal Angela Kinlaw, and myself. I’m a librarian and poetry teacher. New Orleans is a city that has ranked among the lowest in education for years and is still reeling from the post-traumatic stresses of slavery and the subsequent systemic inequities. So it’s no small wonder that it would take three teachers, pushed to the limits of what we were able to accomplish in a school building, to take our pedagogy to the streets to effect change.

This past Thursday morning, just a few hours after the Jefferson Davis monument was taken from its 106-year-old perch, I showed the news footage to my third graders. I asked them if they could make a connection between the man in the statue and the discussions that we had been having all year. “Yeah, that’s them people who wanted to keep slavery,” they said. “That’s right,” I told them. “And what do you think our city is trying to tell us when they make people like that monuments and put ’em way up in the sky?” “That they over us, like our parents,” said one student. “That they have power,” said another. Ahh…the mouths of babes. I told them that they’d just spoken a truth that even their great-grandparents may have not been able to freely articulate.

Statue of Jefferson Davis in New Orleans tagged with graffiti, 2004. Photo by Abdul Aziz, courtesy of Abdul Aziz and Take Em Down NOLA.

Statue of Confederate Gen. Beauregard in New Orleans with graffiti. Photo by Abdul Aziz, courtesy of Abdul Aziz and Take Em Down NOLA.

I’ve been living in New Orleans since I was 12 years old. I left behind my native Brooklyn where my childhood was inundated with images of red, black, and green leather medallions with Africa imprinted on them, “X” caps flooding the streets after neighborhood hero Spike Lee put out the Malcolm X biopic, and sounds of Public Enemy’s “Fight the Power” blasting from the cars driving by.

Then I came to New Orleans. The number one record label at the time was an embryonic startup named Cash Money Records. One of their hit songs was called “Heroin,” by flagship group Partners-N-Crime. Both the city’s murder and incarceration rate were the highest in the world. Schools ranked amongst the worst in the nation and presumably then, as now, one out of two black children lived in poverty and one out of two black men were unemployed. My mom, a native of New Orleans’s infamous 9th ward, used to say, “Half these negroes ain’t moved 12 blocks since slavery.” It would take me a decade or two before I would fully understand her words, before I would realize that the plight of so many black folks in New Orleans is indeed by design.

It was a couple decades later in 2010 when I met Malcolm Suber. I heard him speak at the public library alongside his comrade, revolutionary scholar Leon Waters. On a projector screen, they presented a series of black and white maps along with digitized archaic documents that delineated the history of New Orleans in ways that no Social Studies class I’d been in had ever attempted to. And just like that, there it was: all the evidence I needed. If “Negroes” hadn’t moved 12 blocks since slavery, it certainly was no coincidence. The city was literally gridded in the likeness of their once—and ostensibly still—masters. A vast amount of public schools, institutions, and streets were named after former slave owners.

Michael “Quess?” Moore of Take Em Down NOLA. Photo by Abdul Aziz, courtesy of Abdul Aziz and Take Em Down NOLA.

And then there were the monuments. There was the Liberty Monument, erected in 1891 to commemorate militia Crescent City White League’s killing of 11 black and white police officers in a rebellion against the Reconstruction-era government in 1874. Outside of the State Supreme Court Building, there was the statue of E.D. White, a former state senator, son of a slaveowner, Supreme Court Chief Justice and member of the Crescent City White League. (The White League was also responsible for the Colfax Riot of 1873, where approximately 150 black people were massacred in Colfax, Louisiana, as well as a massacre in Thibodaux that killed some 300 black people. During the brief Reconstruction era, the White League was responsible for the deaths of over 3,000 black people.)

The list went on to include the French Quarter’s Jackson Square and its prominent statue of Andrew Jackson, architect of the Trail of Tears and the lesser-known Fort Negro Massacre; Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard and his mounted horse statue in front of the New Orleans Museum of Art in City Park; and Confederate President Jefferson Davis a few blocks away on a major street bearing his namesake. Lastly was Robert E. Lee, the near-literal phantom of the Confederacy, who never set foot in New Orleans, but yet stands atop its highest perch, as a 16-foot statue atop a 68-foot column in a circle named after him in the heart of the city.

Every Mardi Gras season, children from high schools around the city invariably march around Lee Circle, the dramatic epicenter of most parade routes. The other day, New Orleans comedian Mario P told me that when he attended John McDonogh High School, his band director would never let the band play more than a solitary drum beat when they marched under the gaze of Lee. Apparently, similar acts of resistance also inspired elders who have fought against symbols of white supremacy for decades now.

Malcolm Suber, Angela Kinlaw, and Michael “Quess?” Moore, of Take Em Down NOLA in New Orleans. Photo by Abdul Aziz, courtesy of Abdul Aziz and Take Em Down NOLA.

Elder activist Carl Galmon was the first to tell me the story of the Founder’s Day protest. It was once a tradition to have black students wait in the hot sun behind white students before they laid reefs at the foot of a monument to McDonogh, likely Louisiana’s largest slave owner who, upon dying childless, donated his fortune to public schools. A protest organized by black activists in 1950s put an end to all that.

It was this history of resistance that inspired Malcolm Suber’s entry into the struggle. It was his that inspired mine and Angela’s. And hopefully, some of what just happened last Thursday will continue to happen through our students. There are over 100 monuments and markers to white supremacists still standing in New Orleans.

—Michael “Quess?” Moore

from Artsy News

[therethinkers]

my school is closed for business

article by big sister love rush | rethink vanguard | 18 years old

The education system has been the main thing on many people’s minds over the past three weeks. While my friends and I are counting the days to prom and graduation, a lot of other people are waiting as the Orleans Parish School Board makes decisions about “what to do” with the last five public schools in New Orleans.  

I'm a graduating senior at Algiers Technology Academy (Algiers Tech); it's has been my school home for the last four years.  Early this year I learned that my class, the class of 2017, would be the last class at Algiers Tech.  My school is closing in June of this year [2017]. Many students who attend my school, those who won't be graduating with me, are upset that they won't be graduating from Tech and won't be able to graduate at the top of their class. For me, being in the Top 5 of my class is a huge accomplishment and I know many students wanted to have that opportunity at Tech. Now they will have to compete for a spot at schools with hundreds of students, instead of a school like Tech whose student body was never more than five hundred.  And, because of school rules around being four year students, won't be eligible for top honors at their new schools.   I feel like this is unfair.  So, for the last month, I have gotten more involved in education conversations in New Orleans.    

On March 30th, 504ward—an organization designed to support young (25-35) “talented” middle class professionals in New Orleans—hosted, A Panel on Public Education in NOLA.  At first I was confused why a group of mostly childless, mostly white folks were hosting a whole event on education and then I learned that Leslie Jacobs, “architect” of Louisiana’s school accountability reform and one of the creators of the Recovery School District was also one of the founders of 504ward.    She was one of the main people to take control of schools and education out of the hands of parents, like my mother, who has and is raising five brilliant children and put education into the hands of outsiders and the Recovery School District (RSD).  

The charter schooling[i] system doesn't allow my mother to come check on me at school because its "dangerous". Organizations that claim to be "for youth and parents" but support charters are taking control and taking choices from families.  School choice is a myth. 504ward's panel on public education seemed to be designed for people who don’t know much about the state of education in New Orleans.  And the event, not surprisingly, didn’t look nothing like the 10th ward community that it took place in and there were very few people who identified as parents of school age public school students.  

When I, and about 40 other youth who are part of Rethink, showed up at this event and the adults seemed first surprised, then confused and then unhappy.  I sat through four presentations where educators talked about what happens to youth in New Orleans and told some of "our stories" without addressing us or acknowledging that we had vital knowledge about public education in New Orleans. We [Rethinkers] know that we are the experts because we attend these schools on daily basis.    

At the meeting, we made comments and questioned the theories of these adults when they talked about "what works in schools", and got nothing in return but backlash and the regular questions like "who are experts in this?" "who worked through pre and post Katrina?" They act like we have no expertise.  We are the people who actually experience all of their experiments in schooling.  We know that charter schools mean privatization and control over every aspect of youth's lives. Schools becoming charterized means that students, teachers, and parent voices are silenced.  We left the meeting knowing that this wasn’t going to be an easy fight.  But we didn't go home.   Instead all of us students met together to debrief what we just experienced and came up with strategy for how we wanted to move forward.   

This very serious and unfortunate issue of charter schools has caught people's attention countrywide. A week after the 504ward meeting, representatives from the national NAACP came to town to host a public hearing to collect evidence on the State of New Orleans schools as part of a nationwide project to investigate the impact of charter schools on youth and families.  If I had a dollar for every person who comes to New Orleans to "collect evidence" and "study the effects of charters, or poverty, or inequality"  I would be able to fund free college education for all students in New Orleans.    Maybe we should keep that in mind as a strategy to replace TOPS.   

The NAACP event was once again centered around lots of adults who ran CMOs, were principals, lawyers, etc. talking about the state of New Orleans Schools.   Only about fourteen youth attended the event and ten of them were my fellow Rethinkers.   We attended the Education Task Force Hearing to provide our thoughts, research, and analysis to the meeting.  We were concerned because we remembered when the local NAACP voted in favor of charter schools and wanted to make sure that the National Task Force was clear that most Black New Orleanians want public schools and public control instead of the harsh discipline, extreme testing, and lack of accountability to families that our current charter schools operate with in this city.    

The hearing was lit[ii] from the beginning and my friends, at one point, asked an adult to give them his public comment time to talk to the Task Force about how adults are failing youth in this city.  We TOOK the time we were given and then some.  We really wanted to share what happens in our schools; how the few permanent teachers we have work so hard for us, how so many classes are ran by short term substitutes, how food runs out at meal times, and how we worry if our school’s reputation is good enough to support us in getting into the college or careers we want.    We shared how we face two hour commutes to and from school, are forced to experiment with digital learning with systems like Odyssey, are punished for having the wrong color sweater, or how we worry about being able to attend a school that will give us the education we need.     

This meeting escalated quickly as audience members (New Orleans residents), were chastised for being too emotional with their truth.  I couldn't believe that in this space, our behavior was being controlled.   But that's the story of oppressed people, right?  We're supposed to take all the oppression and then "behave" accordingly when we are telling the truth of our experience.    

After being asked to sit down by an adult moderator,  1 of the 3 young students stood with dignity and stated,  "You don’t attend the school, you're not there everyday.  The Teach for America teachers don’t care about us, charter schools don’t care about us, and our futures are at stake." 

As people came to remove students from the microphone, their elders and adult supports in New Orleans community, yelled " Don’t You Touch Them" and "Let Them Babies Speak." 

One of the Rethinkers in the audience then began to lead everyone in the freedom song, "Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me Around." 

Emotions broke through as these young people shared that they are afraid for their futures as their school, McDonogh 35, faces privatization and New Orleans becomes the first all charter school district in the country.   We promised one another to get together again one week later to attend a meeting hosted OPSB on the future of 35 and New Orleans last 5 public schools.  

This last meeting was perhaps the strangest of all.  I think it was supposed to be a meeting about what to do with the last five public schools but instead became largely a pep rally for two competing CMOs; ExCEED and InspireNOLA.    The School Board didn’t talk about how they might keep the last five schools public, how students and parents might have a larger say in education or about the failings of charters; they didn’t talk at all.   Through all these meetings I keep thinking, who is profiting? Who wins when my school is closed?  Who succeeds when conversations about education don’t include and aren't centered around students, families and teachers?  Who benefits when groups are examining the damage of privatized schools on students without any plan on how to stop that damage?  Who is aided when discussions become pep rallies?  Who makes the money when schools become sites to make a profit? 

This reminders me of a conversation started by Rethinkers way back in the Fall right before the school board elections.  We held a youth centered school board candidate's forum for over 200 youth and some of their families.  

At the forum we announced our petition to lower the local voting age to 14.   One of the main reasons for our petition is the unfairness of a school board elected by people who aren't students.    I know our school board would actually have to show up differently and represent youth interests if we were the ones that put them in their positions.   

PLEASE SIGN OUR PETITION TO LOWER THE VOTING AGE IN NEW ORLEANS.   WE ALREADY HAVE OVER 400 YOUTH SIGNATURES.  WE NEED SOLIDARITY FROM ADULT SUPPORTS AS WELL.   

ADULTS -- CLICK THIS LINK TO SIGN:  RETHINK PETITION TO LOWER VOTING AGE

Youth lives, voices, and futures are not being valued. A stand for justice needs to be took and the time is now! Youth are the experts and we deserve to be treated like we are. I am one student.  I am one of over 100 students at Rethink who want an education for all youth that includes analysis of the systems that run society and that teaches us our true history and the role that it plays in our current lives.  We want curriculum that represent us and people like us.  We want input from youth of color on curriculum and teacher trainings.  We want educational infrastructure to support youth entrepreneurship, youth cooperatives and business opportunities that support the communities we come from.  And we want real youth and community input and veto power on all decisions regarding school openings, closings, leadership, and locations.  

We can and will do it. We will take our education in our own hands because we are the experts of our experience.

[i] Schooling is what happens in schools; it’s about control and discipline.  Education is about sharing power and knowledge

[ii] Lit means fire, hot, interesting

[luckylq36-blog]

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